PEREDAM PASIF UNTUK PILON JEMBATAN GANTUNG TERHADAP BEBAN GEMPA PADA TAHAP KONSTRUKSI (PASSIVE DAMPER FOR SUSPENSION BRIDGE PYLON UNDER EARTHQUAKE LOAD DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE)
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Vibrasi jembatan merupakan fenomena yang tidak dapat dihindari akibat interaksi antara beban dan struktur. Vibrasi jembatan tidak hanya terjadi pada saat jembatan beroperasi, namun juga dapat terjadi saat masa konstruksi akibat beban transien. Jika vibrasi tersebut terlalu berlebih baik dari sisi magnitudo maupun frekuensi, maka dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pada saat masa konstruksi termasuk saat tahap pembangunan pilon. Vibrasi yang berlebih pada jembatan dapat dikendalikan dengan menggunakan sistem kontrol pasif. Pada kajian ini dibahas kontrol pasif dengan menggunakan sistem peredam untuk membatasi vibrasi lateral pada bagian pilon jembatan pejalan kaki tipe penggantung saat masa konstruksi. Peredam yang digunakan yaitu peredam tipe viscous dan peredam massa. Untuk skema pertama, peredam viscous diletakkan di bawah level lantai dan puncak pilon, sedangkan untuk skema kedua, peredam massa hanya diletakkan pada puncak pilon. Analisis struktur dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis riwayat waktu dengan gempa masukan Imperial Valley 1940 yang telah diskalakan terhadap target spektra wilayah Jakarta berdasarkan SNI 2833:2016. Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh hasil nilai maksimum reduksi simpangan untuk sistem pilon dengan peredam viscous yaitu sebesar 20% sedangkan untuk peredam massa yaitu sebesar 56%. Nilai drift dan gaya geser dasar per tiang juga menunjukkan pilon dengan menggunakan peredam massa memiliki respon yang lebih baik dibandingkan pilon dengan peredam viscous. Hal ini menggambarkan penggunaan peredam massa pada puncak pilon lebih efektif dalam mereduksi vibrasi akibat gempa dibandingkan peredam viscous.
Kata kunci: vibrasi, kontrol pasif, peredam viscous, peredam massa, analisis riwayat waktu
ABSTRACT Bridge vibration is an inevitable phenomenon due to interaction between load and structure. Bridge vibration is not only occur during operational period, but also during construction period due to transient actions. If the vibration excessively arise in terms of magnitude or frequency, it will gives disturbances during bridge construction stage include pylon construction stage. Bridge excessives vibration can be controlled by using passive control system. In this study, the used of damper system to limit the lateral vibration of suspension pedestrian bridge pylonis explored. The damper system used are viscous damper and mass damper. For the first scheme, the viscous damper is positioned beneath the deck level and at the top of pylon level, whereas for the second scheme, the mass damper is placed only on the top of the pylon level. Structural analysis is then carried out by using time history analysis with acceleration input from Imperial Valley 1940 ground motion which is scaled to the target spectra of Jakarta based on SNI 2833:2016. From analysis, it is found that there exists amaximum displacement reduction of 20% for pylon with viscous damper and 56% for pylon with mass damper. In addition drift ratio and the maximum shear force per column also shows that pylon with mass damper has a better responses than pylon with viscous damper. This results shows the used of mass damper is more effective in limiting pylon vibration due to seismic loads compare to the viscous damper.
Keywords: vibration, passive control, viscous damper, mass damper, time history analysis
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