EVALUASI UMUR FATIK ELEMEN BAJA JEMBATAN STANDAR TIPE KOMPOSIT MENGGUNAKAN DATA WIM (FATIGUE LIFETIME EVALUATION OF COMPOSITE STANDARD BRIDGE STEEL ELEMENT USING WIM DATA)
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Jembatan adalah infrastruktur yang mengalami beban yang bersifat dinamis dan berulang. Efek dari sifat beban ini pada elemen jembatan khususnya elemen baja pada Jembatan tipe komposit adalah terjadinya siklus tegangan kemudian relaksasi secara berulang seiring kendaraan melintas selama masa layan jembatan, yang dapat berakibat pada kegagalan fatik. Jembatan komposit yang direncanakan berdasarkan standar pembebanan jembatan SNI 1725:2016 dimana kondisi fatik ini dapat dievaluasi terhadap tahanan fatik nominal selama masa layan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah mengevaluasi umur fatik struktur jembatan standar Bina Marga tipe komposit terhadap akumulasi kendaraan proyeksi hasil pengukuran beban kendaraan bergerak (WIM) di Ruas Jalan Pantura, Cikampek – Pamanukan, Jawa Barat pada tahun 2011 dan di Ruas Jalan Tol Jakarta-Tangerang, DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2016 yang menggambarkan kondisi beban dan lalu lintas terberat di ruas jalan nasional dan ruas jalan tol. Evaluasi ini dilakukan dengan analisis struktur terhadap beban kendaraan bergerak WIM dengan luaran rentang tegangan dan siklus kejadiannya, dan kemudian dibandingkan dengan kurva siklus rentang tegangan / stress range cycles- number curve (S-N curve) tahanan fatik nominalnya. Metode evaluasi fatik dengan metode S-N curve ini mengacu pada SNI dan AASHTO. Hasil evaluasi umur fatik menunjukkan bahwa dalam masa layan rencana 50 tahun, jembatan tipe komposit ini memiliki tahanan fatik nominal pada S-N curve yang belum terlampaui dan diproyeksikan akan tercapai umur fatik pada 63 tahun untuk ruas jalan Cikampek-Pamanukan dan pada 55 tahun untuk ruas jalan tol Jakarta-Tangerang.
Kata Kunci: fatik, jembatan komposit, beban kendaraan, beban bergerak, S-N curve
ABSTRACT
Bridge is an infrastructure that withstands dynamic and repetitive loading. The effect of this loading on the bridge element, especially steel girder on Composite Girder Bridge type, there is repetitive occurrence of stress and relaxation due to vehicle loading in service life that can make the bridge failed due to fatigue. This fatigue condition can be evaluated to nominal fatigue resistance in service life, based on SNI 1725:2016, an Indonesian bridge loading standard. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the fatigue lifetime of a 25 m simple span composite bridge structure due to projection of accumulated vehicle load from WIM vehicular loads measurement in Pantura highway of Cikampek-Pamanukan, West Java in 2011 and toll road of Jakarta-Tangerang, Jakarta in 2016 which has the most heavy traffic in National road links and toll roads. This evaluation was conducted by using stress range-number of cycles from structural analysis of accumulated WIM vehicular load, and compared to nominal fatigue resistances using stress range cycles-number curve (S-N curve). Evaluation method of fatigue with S-N curve method are specified in SNI and AASHTO. Evaluation results indicated that the fatigue limit of 50 year lifetime services on S-N curve which has not been surpassed and projected, the fatigue lifetime of the bridge would be on the 63rd year for Cikampek-Pamanukan road and 55th year for Jakarta-Tangerang toll road.
Keywords: fatigue, composite bridge, vehicular load, weigh in motion, S-N curve
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