PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN NANO MATERIAL TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN DURABILITAS BETON (THE EFFECT OF NANO MATERIAL ADDITION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND DURABILITY OF CONCRETE)
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Abstract
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi beton di bidang konstruksi jembatan mengalami peningkatan yang cukup pesat. Salah satu upaya untuk membuat beton dengan kekuatan dan durabilitas tinggi adalah dengan penambahan material berukuran nanometer. Tujuan dari tulisan ini ialah untuk mendapatkan sifat mekanik dan durabilitas beton yang ditambah dengan nanomaterial. Material untuk beton yang digunakan terdiri dari pasir silika, semen, nanosilika, superplasticizer, dan air. Benda uji beton berupa silinder dengan diameter 100mm dan tinggi 200mm. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah experimental di laborataorium dengan membandingkan sifat mekanik dan durabilitas beton yang tanpa dan ditambah nano material. Dari hasil analisis dan pembahasan diperoleh bahwa komposisi optimum dari nanosilika yang dapat ditambahkan ke dalam campuran beton adalah 5% dari berat binder, sehingga mengurangi penggunaan semen 30 kg. Komposisi optimum beton dengan penambahan nanosilika (beton nano) meningkatkan kuat tekan 16,70 %. Berdasarkan hasil uji durabilitasbeton nano memiliki tingkat permeabilitas sangat baik dibandingkan beton konvensional dengan nilai rata rata kurang dari 0,01x10-16, sedangkan beton konvensional nilai rata-rata nya adalah 0,023x10-16, dan termasuk dalam kelas kualitas baik. Hasil uji RCPT memberikan nilai charge passed (Q) untuk beton nano 49,47 % lebih kecil dibandingkan beton konvensional, yang berarti ketahanan terhadap klorida beton nano lebih baik dari beton konvensional.  Harga beton nano ini 5 sampai 7 kali lebih mahal dari beton konvensional, akan tetapi dengan durabilitas yang sangat baik beton nano tersebut dapat mengurangi biaya perawatan dan perbaikan selama umur layan.Â
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Kata kunci:Â beton, nanosilika, kuat tekan, durabilitas, permeabilitas, ketahanan klorida.
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ABSTRACT
Development of concrete technology in bridge construction is rapidly increasing. The addition of material in nanometer size is an effort to make high strength and durability concrete. This study aims to obtain the mechanical properties and durability of concrete added by nanomaterial. The materials used for concrete consisted of  silica sand, cement, nanosilica, superplasticizer, and water. The test specimens of concrete are  in the form of  cylinders with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm. The methodology used for testing is laboratory experiment by comparing concrete mechanical properties and durability with and without nano materials. Based on the analysis and discussion indicated   that the optimum composition of nanosilica that can be added into concrete mix is 5% of binder weight so that it can reduce the use of cement to 30 kg. The optimum composition of concrete added by nonsilica (nano concrete) increases the compressive strength by 16,70%. based on concrete  durability test showed that nano concrete has excellent permeability rate compared to  conventional concrete with the average value of less than 0,01x10-16, while the average value of conventional concrete is 0,023x10-16  and classified as good quality. Based on RCPT tests give value passed charge (Q) of 49,47%  for nano concrete  smaller than the conventional one,  it means  that the resistance to chloride attack is better than conventional concrete. The price of nano concrete is 5-7 times more expensive than conventional concrete, however, with high excellent durability of nano concrete can reduce the cost of maintenance and repair over the service life.
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Keywords:Â concrete, nanosilica, compressive strength, durability, permeability, chloride resistanceArticle Details
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