STABILISASI DUA TAHAP MENGGUNAKAN KAPUR DAN SEMEN UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI DAYA DUKUNG TANAH EKSPANSIF (TWO STAGES STABILIZATION USING LIME AND CEMENT FOR BEARING CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT OF EXPANSIVE SOILS)
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Tanah ekspansif banyak dijumpai di Indonesia dan umumnya tidak digunakan untuk bahan jalan. Pemanfaatan tanah tersebut untuk bahan jalan menjadi penting terutama pada daerah yang tidak mempunyai agregat seperti pada Trans Papua Kabupaten Merauke Ruas Tanah Merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas stabilisasi dua tahap untuk meningkatkan sifat fisik tanah ekspansif atau tanah lempung plastisitas tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metoda eksperimental melalui pengujian di laboratorium dan analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stabilisasi dengan kapur dapat menurunkan sifat plastisitas material tanah, dengan kadar kapur 4% dapat menurunkan nilai indeks plastisitas dari 30% menjadi 17% setelah pemeraman 2 hari. Stabilisasi dengan kapur dapat meningkatkan nilai UCS tanah dan peningkatan cukup nyata terjadi pada jumlah pemakaian kapur 6%. Demikianpun stabilisasi dengan semen, dapat meningkatkan UCS tanah, peningkatannya semakin tinggi sesuai dengan meningkatnya persentase kadar semen. Dengan melakukan stabilisasi dua tahap menggunakan kapur dan semen, nilai UCS mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan kapur atau semen saja. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan stabilisasi dua tahap dapat meningkatkan nilai UCS dari 1,90 kg/cm2 menjadi 9,05 kg/cm2 dengan kadar kapur 6% pada tahap pertama, dan dengan menggunakan semen sebanyak 8% pada tahap kedua dapat meningkatkan nilai UCS dari 9,05 kg/cm2 menjadi 14,55 kg/cm2, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk lapis fondasi pada jalan dengan volume lalu-lintas yang rendah. Kata Kunci: stabilisasi dua tahap, kapur, semen, indeks plastisitas, kuat tekan bebas
ABSTRACT There are many expansive soils found in Indonesia and are generally not used for road material. Utilization of the expansive soils for road material will be important especially in the area that are difficult to find aggregates, as in Trans Papua Kabupaten Merauke Ruas Tanah Merah. This research aims to know effectiveness of two stages stabilization for improving properties of expansive soils or high plasticity clays. A research has been carried out based on experimental methods through testing in the laboratory and analysis. The results showed that stabilization with lime can reduce material plasticity properties of soil, with lime 4% can lower plasticity index value from 30% to 17% after 2 days of mellowing time. Stabilization with lime can increase the value of UCS and a significant increase happening on lime proportion of 6%. Likewise also the stabilization with cement, the value of UCS can improve, the higher its increase the higher the increasing percentage of the ratio of cement. By doing a two stage stabilization using lime and cement, the value of UCS has increased compared to using lime or cement only. The test results showed a two-stage stabilization can increase the value of UCS from 1.9 kg/cm2 becomes 9.05 kg/cm2 with lime 6% on the first stage, and by using cement as much as 8% on a second stage can increase the value of UCS from 9.05 kg/cm2 becomes 14.55 kg/cm2, so it can be used as a base layer on a road with low traffic volume. Key words: two stage stabilization, lime, cement, plasticity index, UCS.
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