STABILISASI DUA TAHAP MENGGUNAKAN KAPUR DAN SEMEN UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI DAYA DUKUNG TANAH EKSPANSIF (TWO STAGES STABILIZATION USING LIME AND CEMENT FOR BEARING CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT OF EXPANSIVE SOILS)

Main Article Content

Nyoman Suaryana
Silvester Fransisko

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tanah ekspansif banyak dijumpai di Indonesia dan umumnya tidak digunakan untuk bahan jalan. Pemanfaatan tanah tersebut untuk bahan jalan menjadi penting terutama pada daerah yang tidak mempunyai agregat seperti pada Trans Papua Kabupaten Merauke Ruas Tanah Merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas stabilisasi dua tahap untuk meningkatkan sifat fisik tanah ekspansif atau tanah lempung plastisitas tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metoda eksperimental melalui pengujian di laboratorium dan analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stabilisasi dengan kapur dapat menurunkan sifat plastisitas material tanah, dengan kadar kapur 4% dapat menurunkan nilai indeks plastisitas dari 30% menjadi 17% setelah pemeraman 2 hari. Stabilisasi dengan kapur dapat meningkatkan nilai UCS tanah dan peningkatan cukup nyata terjadi pada jumlah pemakaian kapur 6%. Demikianpun stabilisasi dengan semen, dapat meningkatkan UCS tanah, peningkatannya semakin tinggi sesuai dengan meningkatnya persentase kadar semen. Dengan melakukan stabilisasi dua tahap menggunakan kapur dan semen, nilai UCS mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan kapur atau semen saja. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan stabilisasi dua tahap dapat meningkatkan nilai UCS dari 1,90 kg/cm2 menjadi 9,05 kg/cm2 dengan kadar kapur 6% pada tahap pertama, dan dengan menggunakan semen sebanyak 8% pada tahap kedua dapat meningkatkan nilai UCS dari 9,05 kg/cm2 menjadi 14,55 kg/cm2, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk lapis fondasi pada jalan dengan volume lalu-lintas yang rendah. Kata Kunci: stabilisasi dua tahap, kapur, semen, indeks plastisitas, kuat tekan bebas

ABSTRACT There are many expansive soils found in Indonesia and are generally not used for road material. Utilization of the expansive soils for road material will be important especially in the area that are difficult to find aggregates, as in Trans Papua Kabupaten Merauke Ruas Tanah Merah. This research aims to know effectiveness of two stages stabilization for improving properties of expansive soils or high plasticity clays. A research has been carried out based on experimental methods through testing in the laboratory and analysis. The results showed that stabilization with lime can reduce material plasticity properties of soil, with lime 4% can lower plasticity index value from 30% to 17% after 2 days of mellowing time. Stabilization with lime can increase the value of UCS and a significant increase happening on lime proportion of 6%. Likewise also the stabilization with cement, the value of UCS can improve, the higher its increase the higher the increasing percentage of the ratio of cement. By doing a two stage stabilization using lime and cement, the value of UCS has increased compared to using lime or cement only. The test results showed a two-stage stabilization can increase the value of UCS from 1.9 kg/cm2 becomes 9.05 kg/cm2 with lime 6% on the first stage, and by using cement as much as 8% on a second stage can increase the value of UCS from 9.05 kg/cm2 becomes 14.55 kg/cm2, so it can be used as a base layer on a road with low traffic volume. Key words: two stage stabilization, lime, cement, plasticity index, UCS.

Article Details

Section
Jalan dan Jembatan

References

Austroads 1998. Guide to Stabilization in Roadworks. Sydney:Austroads Incorporated

ACI. 1990. State-of-the-Art report on soil Cement. ACI 230.1R-90. ACI Material Journal, 87 (4). https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/.../715.1.pdf (diakses 5 Agustus 2013)

Badan Standardisasi Nasional, 2015. Spesifikasi Campuran Beraspal Panas Bergradasi Menerus (Laston). SNI 8198:2015. Jakarta :BSN

_________,2014. Metoda uji stabilitas dan pelelehan campuran beraspal panas dengan menggunakan alat Marshall. SNI 2489:2014, Jakarta:BSN

Currin, D.D., Allen, J.J., dan Little, D.N. 1976. Validation of soil stabilization index system with manual development. Report No. FJSRL-TR-0006. Frank J. Seisler Research Laboratory. Colorado: United States Air Force Academy. https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/.../715.1.pdf (diakses 5 Agustus 2013)

Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga, 2014. Spesifikasi Umum Bidang Jalan dan Jembatan Tahun 2010 Revisi 3. Jakarta: Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Ingles, O.G. dan Metcalf, J.B. 1972. Soil Stabilization Principles and Practice. Australia: Butterworths Pty. Limited. (https://www.amazon.com/Soil-Stabilization-Principles.../040..(diakses 21 Februari 2017)

Little, D. N. 1995. Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Courses with Lime. Iowa: Kendall/Haunting publishing company. https://www.lime.org/documents/other/SOIL.PDF (diakses 20 Februari 2017)

Lucian, C. 2018. Effectiveness of Two-Stage Stabilization for Improvement of

Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soils. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 14(1): 24-30. http://www.ijerd.com/paper/vol14-issue1/Version-1/D140112431.pdf (diakses 12 Februari 2018)

Mallela, J., Quintus, H. V. and Smith, K. 2004. Consideration of Lme-Stabilized Layers in Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design. The National Lime Association. https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/.../715.1.pdf (diakses 5 Agustus 2013)

Muhunthan, B. dan Sariosseiri, F. 2008. Interpretation of Geotechnical Properties of Cement Treated Soils. WSDOT Research Report. Whashington : Washington State University. https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/.../715.1.pdf (diakses 5 Agustus 2013)

Neubauer, C. H. and Thompson, M. R. 1972. Stability Properties of Uncured Lime-Treated Fine Grained Soils. In Highway Research Record 381. HRB. Washington : National Research Council. https://www.lime.org/documents/other/SOIL.PDF (diakses 20 Februari 2017)

Prusinski, J.R. dan Bhattacharja, S. 1999. Effectiveness of Portland Cement and Lime in Stabilizing Clay Soils. Transportation Research Record, 1 (1652). TRB. Washington : Nasional Research Council