PENANGANAN VIBRASI JEMBATAN GANTUNG ASIMETRIS DENGAN TMD BERDASARKAN KRITERIA KENYAMANAN (COUNTERMEASURE OF ASYMMETRIC SUSPENSION BRIDGE VIBRATION USING TMD BASED ON COMFORT CRITERIA)
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Belum adanya peraturan yang mengatur tentang batasan kenyamanan pada jembatan pejalan kaki di Indonesia menyebabkan para perencana jembatan hanya memenuhi kriteria perencanaan beban statik tanpa mempertimbangkan aspek kenyamanan pengguna dalam melintasi jembatan. Evaluasi beban dinamik pejalan kaki dilakukan pada sebuah jembatan gantung asimetris untuk desa yang merupakan produk rancangan dari Puslitbang Jalan dan Jembatan dan akan dievaluasi berdasarkan peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh British Standard. Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kenyamanan struktur jembatan adalah akselerasi jembatan. Hasil analisis terhadap jembatan tersebut dengan metoda analisis modal linier riwayat waktu yang dievaluasi terhadap 2 kelas jembatan yaitu kelas A dan kelas B menyatakan bahwa jembatan tidak memenuhi kriteria kenyamanan yang disyaratkan. Pemasangan TMD dilakukan untuk mengontrol getaran dari struktur dengan variasi massa sebesar 1%, 3% dan 5% agar struktur jembatan tersebut memenuhi batasan ijin kriteria kenyamanan. Pada analisis beban jembatan kelas A dibutuhkan minimum hanya 1 buah TMD yang dipasang dilokasi terjadinya akselerasi maksimum dengan rasio massa TMD sebesar 1% dan menghasilkan reduksi akselerasi struktur sebesar 3% untuk memenuhi syarat kenyamanan getaran jembatan. Sedangkan pada analisis beban jembatan kelas B dibutuhkan minimum 2 buah TMD dengan rasio massa sebesar 3% yang menghasilkan reduksi akselerasi struktur sebesar 54%.
Kata kunci: jembatan pejalan kaki, kriteria kenyamanan, akselerasi, analisis modal linier, tuned mass damper
ABSTRACT The absence of regulations governing the comfort limits on pedestrian bridges in Indonesia causes the bridge designers only satisfy to the static load design criteria without considering the comfort aspects of the footwalks when they crossed over the bridge. In this paper, the evaluation of the dynamic load of pedestrians is carried out on an asymmetric suspension bridge for the village. This bridge is designed by Institute of Road Engineering and will be evaluated according to the regulations issued by British Standard. A variable used to evaluate the bridge comfort level is acceleration on the deck. According to the result of bridge linear modal time history analysis, it was showed that the bridge does not meet the required comfort criteria for class A and class B. Then, a countermeasure is undertaken by using TMD with mass variations of 1%, 3% and 5% of the main structure mass to meet the limitation of comfort criteria. In class A bridge load analysis, it required minimum 1 TMD with mass ratio of 1% which produces 3% of acceleration reduction to meet the comfort requirement. Whereas, on load analysis of class B bridge, its was required at least 2 TMD with mass ratio of 3% which gives 54% acceleration reduction to meet the comfort requirement. Note that both schemes required TMD to be placed on the location where the maximum acceleration is found.
Keywords: pedestrian bridge, comfort criteria, acceleration, linear modal analysis, tuned mass damper
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References
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