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Recommended Asphalt Binder Fatigue Performance Specification from Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement Tests Considering Aging Effects
FHWA has completed a full-scale, accelerated loading experiment to identify an improved performance-based binder purchase specification for fatigue cracking in response to the shortcomings of |G*|sin(δ) in the current Superpave Performance Grading (PG) system. Nine candidate asphalt binder tests relating to fatigue cracking were evaluated and the statistical based selection procedure is described that identified the strongest candidate. A composite score calculated from multiple statistical parameters was utilized to select a test that provides a calculated critical Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) which evaluates a binder’s strain tolerance in the presence of a crack. This paper summarizes the experimental results and recommendations from the original, principal experiment plus newer data collected from the test sections using full scale accelerated pavement aging. The test sections received an in-situ accelerated aging process, after being in place for more than five years of natural exposure, which heated the test sections to 74 C for eight weeks. The fatigue cracking performance of the aged test sections was measurably decreased when compared to the younger, less aged test sections with little effect on the ranking between material types. The accelerated-aged sections exhibited more top-down cracking than the younger, less aged sections at the same amount of passes. Extracted binder was recovered from the asphalt layers to quantify the variation of aging with depth for modified and unmodified asphalts from both natural aging conditions and the addition of accelerated aging. The relationships between in-situ CTOD in the younger, less aged sections and accelerated aged sections was much stronger than |G*|sin(δ) confirming the original recommendation from the principal experiment.
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