Underground construction projects involve complex geotechnical conditions and high levels of uncertainty, making effective monitoring essential to ensure safety, performance, and cost control. Monitoring Underground Construction: A Best Practice Guide presents a comprehensive framework for planning, implementing, and managing monitoring systems throughout the lifecycle of underground works, including tunnels, shafts, and deep excavations. The guide outlines key principles of observational methods, selection of appropriate instruments, data acquisition, interpretation, and decision-making processes. Emphasis is placed on risk-based monitoring strategies, integration of monitoring data with design assumptions, and timely response to deviations from expected behavior. Best practices are illustrated through practical examples and lessons learned from past projects, highlighting common challenges such as data reliability, communication gaps, and stakeholder coordination. By promoting a systematic and proactive approach, this guide aims to support engineers, contractors, and project owners in improving construction safety, optimizing design adaptations, and enhancing overall project performance in underground construction.

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