Low temperature property of asphalt mixture has been one of the worldwide focuses in pavement research. This paper focuses on property of stone matrix asphalt (SMA), mastic asphalt (MA) with that of epoxy asphalt mixture, which are currently widely used in steel bridge deck pavement. During calculation, a three-parameter solid model is employed with its corresponding parameters obtained by nonlinearly regressing the data from bending creep test. Additionally, based on the principle of time-temperature equivalence and linear superposition, thermal stress equation is achieved, through which thermal stress of the three kinds of mixture are calculated with an assumption of constant cooling rate. By comparing the calculation results with that of thermal stress restrained specimen tensile test (TSRST), this equation is found to be adequate to compute the thermal stress at low temperature. Also in this study, the thermal stress is calculated concerning full bonding conditions between steel deck and the mixture. It shows that when the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel deck is ignored, thermal stress will be exaggerated to a great degree. Also, it is found that epoxy asphalt mixture performs the best in terms of low temperature performance.