The deflection method for designing asphalt concrete (AC) overlays uses pavement deflection (how much it sinks under load) to determine required thickness, commonly using the Benkelman Beam or Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) to measure deformation, analyzing this profile (deflection bow) with layer properties, and applying design guides like those from the Asphalt Institute or AASHTO to calculate needed overlay thickness, balancing structural needs with preventing reflection cracking. This involves field testing, material characterization, and often computer modeling (MEPDG) to predict performance against fatigue, rutting, and cracking.

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