The main findings are: (1) 24 hour 'no entry' controls would be far less cost-effective than 'no entry except for access' controls, typically costing two or three times as much to obtain the same environmental gain. (2) The cost effectiveness of 24 hour 'no entry' controls would not be improved by the provision of a simple type of transhipment centre on the town periphery. (3) Peak period 'no entry' controls would not provide a cost effective method of reducing traffic congestion during peak periods and would be ineffective in reducing goods vehicle nuisance